Nkhani

Switchboard, panelboard, ndiswitchgearndi zida zachitetezo chopitilira muyeso cha dera lamagetsi. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mitundu itatu ya zida zamagetsi zamagetsi.

Kodi Panelboard ndi chiyani?

Bolodi ndi gawo lamagetsi lamagetsi lomwe limagawaniza chakudya chamagetsi m'mabwalo ochepera pomwe ikupereka fuse yoteteza kapena chophwanyira dera lililonse mumpanda wamba. Amakhala ndi gulu limodzi kapena gulu lamagulu opangidwa ndi khoma. Cholinga cha boardboard ndikugawa mphamvu m'mabwalo osiyanasiyana. Amafanana ndi ma switchboards, koma mawonekedwe ake ndi omwe amawasiyanitsa.

Chomwe chimapangitsa mapanelo kukhala osiyana ndikuti nthawi zonse amayikidwa pakhoma. Njira yokhayo yopezera ma boardboards ndikudutsa kutsogolo.Mlingo wa ma boardboard ndi wotsika kwambiri kuposa switchboard ndi switchgear, 1200 Amp max. Ma Panelboards amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi mpaka 600 V. Pazigawo zitatu zamagetsi zamagetsi, mapepala apamwamba ndi otsika mtengo komanso ochepa kwambiri.

Mapulogalamu a Panelboards

Ma boardboards amapezeka nthawi zambiri mnyumba zogona kapena zamalonda zazing'ono pomwe kuchuluka kwa magetsi sikukwera kwambiri. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa boardboards ndizo:

• Nyumba zogona, zamalonda, ndi malo opangira mafakitale ang'onoang'ono. M'nyumba ndi m'maofesi, mapanelo amagawira magetsi kumadera osiyanasiyana a nyumbayo kuchokera kumalo akuluakulu. Atha kugawa magetsi ku makina a HVAC, magetsi owunikira, kapena zida zazikulu zamagetsi.
• Zipatala zachipatala. M'zipatala, ma boardboards amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zonse zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa za nyumba zogona ndi zamalonda, komanso kugawa mphamvu kwa zida zamankhwala.

Kutengera ndikugwiritsa ntchito, mapanelo amatha kugawidwa m'magulu angapo, kuphatikiza mapanelo owunikira ndi mapanelo ogawa mphamvu. Gulu lalikulu, subpanel, ndi fusebox ndi mitundu yonse ya mapanelo.

Panelboard Components

• Main breaker
• Circuit breaker
• Mipiringidzo ya mabasi

Kodi aSwitchboard?

Switchboard ndi chipangizo chomwe chimawongolera magetsi kuchokera kumalo amodzi kapena angapo kupita kumadera ang'onoang'ono omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndi msonkhano wa mapanelo amodzi kapena angapo, omwe ali ndi masiwichi omwe amalola kuti magetsi ayendetsedwe. Chifukwa ndi msonkhano, switchboard imatha kukwezedwa nthawi iliyonse yautumiki. Chofunikira kwambiri pa ma switchboards ndikuti nthawi zambiri amaphatikiza chitetezo chopitilira muyeso pamagawo awo operekera ndipo amakhala pansi. Zigawo za switchboard zimatanthawuza kuwongolera mphamvu.

Chomwe chimasiyanitsa ma switchboards kuchokera kumagetsi ena ofotokozedwa pansipa ndikuti switchboard imayimira gulu la zigawo. Mphamvu yamagetsi yama switchboard system ndi 600 V kapena kuchepera. Ma switchboards amapezeka kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito kuchokera kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo. Ma Switchboards amatsatira muyezo wa NEMA PB-2 ndi UL muyezo -891. Ma switchboards ali ndi mita omwe amawonetsa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimadutsamo, koma alibe zida zodzitetezera zokha.

Mapulogalamu aSwitchboards

Monga mapanelo, ma switchboards amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazogulitsa ndi zogona, ndipo, monga switchgear, amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale. Ma switchboards amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzanso zida zogawira magetsi.

Ma switchboard ndi okwera mtengo kuposa ma boardboard koma otsika mtengo kuposa switchgear. Cholinga cha ma switchboards ndikugawa mphamvu pakati pa magwero osiyanasiyana. Mitundu ya ma switchboards imaphatikizapo ma switchboards acholinga chonse ndi fusible switchboards.

Switchboard Components

• Mapanelo ndi mafelemu
• Zida zodzitetezera komanso zowongolera
• Masinthidwe
• Mipiringidzo ya mabasi

Kodi aSwitchgear?

Switchgear imaphatikiza ma switch olumikizira magetsi, ma fuse, kapena zophulitsa magetsi kuti aziwongolera, kuteteza, ndikupatula zida zamagetsi.

Switchgear imasiyana ndi ma switchboard ndi mapanelo chifukwa imakhala ndi zigawo zingapo. Zipangizo zomwe zili mbali za switchgear zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyatsa ndikuzimitsa magetsi.

Switchgear imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsera mphamvu zida kuti zitheke kugwira ntchito ndikuchotsa zolakwika kumunsi kwa mtsinje. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazikhazikiko pomwe magetsi okulirapo amafunikira kugawidwa pakati pa zida zosiyanasiyana, zomwe ndizochita zamalonda zamagetsi osiyanasiyana (otsika, apakati, ndi apamwamba). Switchgear ili ndi zida zomwe zimatsimikizira chitetezo chokha.

Switchgear ndiyokwera mtengo kwambiri komanso yochulukirapo poyerekeza ndi ma boardboard ndi ma switchboard. Mphamvu yamagetsi ya switchgear ndi 38 kV, ndipo mlingo wamakono ndi 6,000A. Switchgear imatsatira ANSI standard C37.20.1, UL standard 1558, ndi NEMA standard SG-5.

Pomaliza, switchgear itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito panja komanso m'nyumba. Mitundu ya switchgear imaphatikizapo low-voltage, medium-voltage, ndi high-voltage.

Mapulogalamu aSwitchgear

Switchgear imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuwongolera katundu wamagetsi. Ntchito zodziwika bwino za switchgear ndi:

• Zida zamagetsi ndi zosinthira, makamaka zida zazikulu zogawa (zosintha, ma jenereta, maukonde amagetsi, etc.).
• Kuzindikiritsa cholakwika mumayendedwe amagetsi ndi kusokonezeka kwanthawi yake musanayambe kulemetsa
• Kuwongolera zida m'mafakitale amagetsi ndi malo opangira magetsi
• Kuwongolera kwa Transformer mu machitidwe ogawa zinthu
• Chitetezo cha nyumba zazikulu zamalonda ndi malo opangira deta

Zigawo zaSwitchgear

• Zophulitsa zotulutsa: Kugwiritsa ntchito zopumira zokhala ndi switchgear kumalepheretsa kutseka kwamagetsi kuti akonze.
• Zida zosinthira mphamvu: zowononga madera, ma fuse, ndi zina. Zigawozi zimapangidwira kuswa mphamvu mu dera.
• Zida zowongolera mphamvu: mapanelo owongolera, ma transfoma, ma relay oteteza. Zigawo izi ndi cholinga kulamulira mphamvu.