Nkhani

Chifukwa Chake Njira Zamagetsi Zamagawo Atatu Zitha Kupatsa Ogwira Ntchito Mpikisano Ubwino Wopikisana Pomwe Kuchita Bwino kwa ASIC Kuchepa
Chiyambireni kukhazikitsidwa kwa mgodi woyamba wa ASIC mu 2013, migodi ya Bitcoin yakula kwambiri, ndikuwonjezeka kwachangu kuchokera ku 1,200 J/TH mpaka 15 J/TH chabe. Ngakhale kuti zopindulazi zidayendetsedwa ndi ukadaulo wotsogola wa chip, tsopano tafikira malire a silicon-based semiconductors. Pamene luso likupitilirabe, kuyang'ana kuyenera kusinthira ku kukhathamiritsa mbali zina za migodi, makamaka makonzedwe amagetsi.
Mu migodi ya Bitcoin, mphamvu ya magawo atatu yakhala njira yabwino kuposa mphamvu ya gawo limodzi. Popeza ma ASIC ochulukirapo amapangidwira kuti azitha kuyika magetsi a magawo atatu, malo opangira migodi amtsogolo akuyenera kuganizira kugwiritsa ntchito njira yolumikizana ya magawo atatu a 480V, makamaka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake komanso kuchuluka kwake ku North America.
Kuti mumvetse kufunikira kwa magetsi a magawo atatu pamene mukukumba Bitcoin, choyamba muyenera kumvetsetsa zofunikira za gawo limodzi ndi magawo atatu a mphamvu zamagetsi.
Mphamvu ya gawo limodzi ndiye mtundu wofala kwambiri wamagetsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mnyumba zogona. Amakhala ndi mawaya awiri: waya wagawo ndi waya wosalowerera. Mphamvu yamagetsi mu gawo limodzi imasinthasintha ngati sinusoidal, mphamvu yomwe imaperekedwa ikukwera pamwamba ndikutsika mpaka ziro kawiri panthawi iliyonse.
Yerekezerani kuti mukukankha munthu pa swite. Ndi kukankha kulikonse, kugwedezekako kumagwedezeka kutsogolo, ndiyeno kumbuyo, kufika pamtunda wake wapamwamba kwambiri, kenako kumatsikira kumunsi kwake, ndiyeno mumakankhiranso.
Monga ma oscillation, machitidwe amagetsi a gawo limodzi alinso ndi nthawi yamphamvu kwambiri komanso ziro. Izi zingayambitse kulephera, makamaka pamene kuperekedwa kokhazikika kumafunika, ngakhale muzogwiritsira ntchito zogona zosayenera zoterezi ndizosavomerezeka. Komabe, pakufunafuna ntchito zamafakitale monga migodi ya Bitcoin, izi zimakhala zofunika kwambiri.
Magetsi a magawo atatu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale ndi malonda. Amakhala ndi mawaya agawo atatu, omwe amapereka mphamvu yokhazikika komanso yodalirika.
Mofananamo, pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha kugwedezeka, tiyerekeze kuti anthu atatu akukankhira kugwedezeka, koma nthawi yapakati pakati pa kukankhira kulikonse ndi yosiyana. Munthu m’modzi amakankhira kugwedezekako kukayamba kutsika pang’onopang’ono pambuyo pokankhira koyamba, wina amakankhira gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a njirayo, ndipo wachitatu amakankhira mbali ziwiri mwa zitatu za njirayo. Zotsatira zake, kugwedezeka kumayenda bwino komanso mofanana chifukwa kumakankhidwa nthawi zonse pamakona osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuyenda kosalekeza.
Momwemonso, machitidwe amagetsi a magawo atatu amapereka magetsi okhazikika komanso oyenerera, motero amawonjezera mphamvu ndi kudalirika, zomwe zimakhala zothandiza makamaka pa ntchito zofunidwa kwambiri monga migodi ya Bitcoin.
Migodi ya Bitcoin yafika patali kuyambira pomwe idakhazikitsidwa, ndipo zofunikira zamagetsi zasintha kwambiri pazaka zambiri.
Chaka cha 2013 chisanafike, anthu ogwira ntchito m'migodi ankagwiritsa ntchito ma CPU ndi ma GPU kukumba Bitcoin. Pamene maukonde a Bitcoin adakula ndikupikisana kukukulirakulira, kubwera kwa ASIC (mapulogalamu apadera ophatikizika) adasinthadi masewerawo. Zida izi zimapangidwira makamaka migodi ya Bitcoin ndipo zimapereka magwiridwe antchito osayerekezeka. Komabe, makinawa amawononga mphamvu zambiri, zomwe zimafuna kuwongolera machitidwe opangira magetsi.
Mu 2016, makina a migodi amphamvu kwambiri anali ndi liwiro la kompyuta la 13 TH / s ndipo amadya pafupifupi 1,300 watts. Ngakhale kuti migodi yokhala ndi chida ichi inali yosakwanira kwambiri ndi miyezo yamasiku ano, inali yopindulitsa panthawiyo chifukwa cha mpikisano wochepa pa intaneti. Komabe, kuti apeze phindu labwino m'malo ampikisano amasiku ano, ogwira ntchito m'migodi tsopano amadalira zida zamigodi zomwe zimawononga pafupifupi ma watts 3,510 amagetsi.
Pamene mphamvu za ASIC ndi zofunikira zogwirira ntchito zamigodi zikupitiriza kuwonjezeka, zoperewera za mphamvu za gawo limodzi zimawonekera. Kusunthira ku mphamvu zamagawo atatu ndikukhala sitepe yomveka kuti ikwaniritse zosowa zamakampani zomwe zikukula.
Gawo lachitatu la 480V lakhala lokhazikika pamafakitale ku North America, South America, ndi kwina. Amavomerezedwa kwambiri chifukwa cha maubwino ake ambiri pankhani yogwira ntchito bwino, kupulumutsa mtengo, komanso scalability. Kukhazikika ndi kudalirika kwa magawo atatu a mphamvu ya 480V kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino kwa ntchito zomwe zimafuna nthawi yayitali komanso kuyendetsa bwino kwa zombo, makamaka m'dziko lomwe likucheperachepera.
Ubwino umodzi waukulu wamagetsi a magawo atatu ndi kuthekera kwake kupereka mphamvu zochulukirapo, potero kuchepetsa kutayika kwa mphamvu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zida zamigodi zimagwira ntchito bwino.
Kuphatikiza apo, kukhazikitsidwa kwa magawo atatu opangira magetsi kumatha kubweretsa kupulumutsa kwakukulu pamitengo yamagetsi. Ma thiransifoma ochepa, mawaya ochepa, komanso kufunikira kocheperako kwa zida zokhazikitsira magetsi kumathandiza kuchepetsa kuyika ndi kukonza.
Mwachitsanzo, pa 208V magawo atatu, katundu wa 17.3kW angafune ma amps 48 apano. Komabe, ikayendetsedwa ndi gwero la 480V, kujambula komweko kumatsikira ku ma amps 24 okha. Kudula panopa pakati sikungochepetsa kuchepa kwa mphamvu, komanso kumachepetsanso kufunikira kwa mawaya owonjezera, okwera mtengo.
Pamene ntchito za migodi zikukulirakulira, kuthekera kokweza mphamvu mosavuta popanda kusintha kwakukulu kuzinthu zamagetsi ndikofunikira. Machitidwe ndi zigawo zomwe zimapangidwira mphamvu za 480V magawo atatu zimapereka kupezeka kwakukulu, zomwe zimalola ogwira ntchito ku migodi kuti azitha kuyendetsa bwino ntchito zawo.
Pamene makampani a migodi a Bitcoin akukula, pali njira yodziwikiratu yopanga ma ASIC ambiri omwe amatsatira ndondomeko ya magawo atatu. Kupanga malo opangira migodi omwe ali ndi magawo atatu a 480V kasinthidwe sikungothetsa vuto lamakono losagwira ntchito, komanso kumatsimikizira kuti zomangamanga ndi umboni wamtsogolo. Izi zimathandiza ogwira ntchito ku migodi kuti aphatikize mosasunthika matekinoloje atsopano omwe angakhale opangidwa ndi magawo atatu ogwirizana ndi mphamvu.
Monga momwe tawonetsera pa tebulo ili m'munsimu, kuziziritsa kumiza ndi kuziziritsa madzi ndi njira zabwino kwambiri zochepetsera migodi ya Bitcoin kuti mukwaniritse ntchito yabwino kwambiri. Komabe, kuti zithandizire mphamvu zamakompyuta zapamwamba zotere, magetsi a magawo atatu amayenera kukonzedwa kuti asunge mphamvu yofananira. Mwachidule, izi zidzabweretsa phindu lalikulu logwira ntchito pamlingo womwewo.
Kusintha ku machitidwe a mphamvu ya magawo atatu kumafuna kukonzekera mosamala ndi kukhazikitsa. M'munsimu muli njira zofunika kukhazikitsa mphamvu ya magawo atatu mu ntchito yanu ya migodi ya Bitcoin.
Chinthu choyamba pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya magawo atatu ndikuwunika zofunikira za mphamvu za ntchito yanu yamigodi. Izi zikuphatikizapo kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zogwiritsira ntchito zida zonse zamigodi ndikupeza mphamvu yoyenera yamagetsi.
Kukweza zida zanu zamagetsi kuti zithandizire magawo atatu amagetsi kungafune kukhazikitsa zosintha zatsopano, mawaya, ndi zophulitsa ma circuit. Ndikofunikira kugwira ntchito ndi wodziwa zamagetsi kuti atsimikizire kuti kuyikako kumakwaniritsa miyezo ndi malamulo achitetezo.
Ambiri amakono a ASIC migodi amapangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito pamagetsi atatu. Komabe, zitsanzo zakale zingafunike kusinthidwa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zida zosinthira mphamvu. Kukhazikitsa makina anu opangira migodi kuti azigwira ntchito pamagetsi a magawo atatu ndi gawo lofunikira kuti muwonetsetse kuti zikuyenda bwino.
Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito za migodi zisamasokonezedwe, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito machitidwe osunga zobwezeretsera ndi kubwezeretsanso ntchito. Izi zikuphatikiza kuyika majenereta osunga zobwezeretsera, magetsi osadukiza, ndi mabwalo osunga zobwezeretsera kuti ateteze ku kuzimitsidwa kwa magetsi ndi kulephera kwa zida.
Makina amagetsi a magawo atatu akayamba kugwira ntchito, kuwunika kosalekeza ndi kukonza ndikofunikira kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikuyenda bwino. Kuyang'ana pafupipafupi, kusanja katundu, ndi kukonza zopewera kungathandize kuzindikira ndi kuthetsa mavuto omwe angakhalepo asanakhudze ntchito.
Tsogolo la migodi ya Bitcoin lagona pakugwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu zamagetsi. Pamene kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo waukadaulo wa chip kukafika malire, kulabadira zoikamo zamagetsi kumakhala kofunika kwambiri. Mphamvu zamagawo atatu, makamaka machitidwe a 480V, amapereka maubwino ambiri omwe angasinthire ntchito zamigodi ya Bitcoin.
Magawo atatu amagetsi amatha kukwaniritsa zosowa zamakampani akumigodi popereka mphamvu zochulukirapo, kuwongolera bwino, kutsika mtengo kwa zomangamanga, komanso kutsika. Kukhazikitsa dongosolo loterolo kumafuna kukonzekera bwino ndi kukhazikitsidwa, koma ubwino wake umaposa mavuto.
Pamene makampani a migodi a Bitcoin akupitiriza kukula, kukhazikitsidwa kwa magetsi a magawo atatu kungapangitse njira yogwirira ntchito yokhazikika komanso yopindulitsa. Pokhala ndi zomangamanga zoyenera, ogwira ntchito m'migodi amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zonse za zipangizo zawo ndikukhalabe atsogoleri pa mpikisano wa migodi ya Bitcoin.
Uwu ndi positi ya alendo ndi Christian Lucas wa Bitdeer Strategy. Malingaliro omwe aperekedwa ndi ake okha ndipo samawonetsa malingaliro a BTC Inc kapena Bitcoin Magazine.